Abstract: [Methods] From May 2010 to May 2017, 97 patients with active thoracic spinal tuberculosis complicated with kyphosis underwent posterior trans-costotransverse debridement, bone grafting, deformity correction and instrumentation. Seventy-six patients meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. The mean follow-up period is 28.13±3.13 months (range, 18-72 months). The cohort consisted of 35 males and 41 females, aged 21 to 74 years. The Cobb’s angle of kyphosis ranged from 20°-76°. Fifteen patients complicated with neurologic deficit (2 in class B, 3 in class C, and 10 in class D according to ASIA score)．The visual analogue score (VAS) of back pain, the Cobb’s angle of kyphosis, the level of ESR and CRP were compared between pre-operation and at the final follow-up. The condition of spinal cord function and bone fusion were evaluated at each follow-up time point. [Results] The Cobb’s angle of thoracic kyphosis preoperatively and at the final follow-up were 40.72°±11.71° and 12.96°±3.43° respectively, there was statistically significant difference. The VAS score of back pain preoperatively and at the final follow-up were 4.97±2.33 and 1.81±0.63 respectively, there was statistically significant difference. ESR and CRP preoperatively were 42.86±7.93 and 52.25±8.14 respectively, which returned to normal 3 months postoperatively. Fifteen patients with preoperative neurologic deficits recovered completely or partly at the final follow-up. Intraoperative pleural tears occurred in 5 patients, intraoperative dural tears occurred in 2 patients, three patients suffered superficial incisional surgical site infection, and one patient suffered implant failure during the follow-up. At the final follow-up, all patients were successfully treated without obvious residual local pain. [Conclusion] For non-contiguous thoracic spinal tuberculosis involved less than three levels, the surgery of trans-costotransverse debridement, bone grafting, deformity correction and internal fixation has less trauma and can obtain satisfactory outcomes.