Persistent low back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of health care and disability, resulting in a significant health care burden.Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, dorsal root ganglion, muscle and other spinal tissue structure and function abnormalities can induceor aggravate LBP, among which disc degeneration is considered to be the most important factor causing LBP, while age is also the key factorof IVD degeneration because aging increases disc degeneration and disease progression. Studies have shown that macrophages are infiltratedin both human and rodent degraded IVDs, and the number of macrophages is positively correlated with the degree of disc degeneration. Thisarticle reviewed the current research status of macrophage polarization in intervertebral disc aging and degeneration, to understand the poten-tial mechanism of intervertebral disc aging, in order to help delay or decrease the age-dependent degeneration process, and provide referenc-es for clinical prevention and treatment of LBP.