With the update of minimally invasive spinal concepts and technologies, unilateral biportal endoscopy technology (UBE) technology had been favored by spinal surgeons due to its unique advantages of achieving bilateral decompression through a unilateral approach. It was widely used in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases such as lumbar disc herniation, lumbar spinal stenosis, and lumbar spondylolisthesis, achieving good clinical results. This article provided a review of relevant literature.