[Objective] To introduce the surgical technique and preliminary clinical results of V-shaped double-bundle anatomical re- construction of the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) by using a half peroneal brevis tendon. [Methods] A total of 23 patients received abovementioned surgical treatment for chronic lateral ankle instability. Over the ATFL trace an arc incision was made to expose the liga- ment remnants, which proved unproper to be sutured directly. The bone tunnels were created individually on the upper and lower border of the anatomic fibular footprint, as well as the talar anatomic footprint. A longitudinal half peroneus brevis tendon was obtained by a tendon harvester, and prepared to V-shaped graft. Subsequently, the tendon graft was respectively introduced into the superior fibular tunnel, the inferior fibular tunnel and the talar tunnel, and tighten and fixed with interference screws or suture anchors to reconstruct the ATFL in dou- ble bundles and V- shape. [Results] All patients were successfully operated on without serious complications, and were followed up for more than 12 months. The AOFAS score significantly increased from (46.7±9.5) before operation to (91.6±2.8) 12 months after operation (P＜ 0.05), KAF score significantly increased from (49.4±1.9) to (90.8±2.7) (P＜0.05), whereas the VAS pain score significantly decreased from (5.8±0.9) before surgery to (1.7±0.9) 12 months after surgery (P＜0.05). At the latest follow-up, all the patients got negative ADT and TTT tests, had no ankle pain, and got considerably improved daily function and joint movement, stability and hindfoot alignment compared with those preoperatively. [Conclusion] This V-shaped double-bundle ATFL anatomical reconstruction with longitudinal half peroneus brevis tendon dose restore the biomechanical function of the ankle and achieve sound clinical outcome.