[Objective] To investigate the effect of bone-filling mesh container (BFMC) on bone cement injection volume and leakage rate during percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF). [Methods] One hundred patients with OVCF treated with PKP from October 2022 to July 2023 were recruited in the study. Among them, 50 patients received PKP with BFMC (BFMC group), the other 50 patients were treated with PKP (PKP group). All cases were punctured and injected bone cement bilaterally. Bone cement injection volume and leakage rate were compared between the two injection sides of the two groups. [Results] In the PKP group, there was no significant difference in bone cement injection volume (4.08 ± 0.89 mL, 4.03 ± 0.79 mL) and bone cement leakage rate (28%, 30%) between the two sides. In the BFMC group, bone cement injection volume of the non-BFMC side (2.63 ± 0.63 ml) was significantly lower than that of the BFMC side (4.8 ± 0.83 ml) and the leakage rate was significantly higher than that of the BFMC side (40%, 10%) (P < 0.05). Compared with the PKP group, BFMC led to a lower leakage rate (P < 0.05). and the non-BFMC side had a higher incidence of bone cement leakage (P < 0.05). [Conclusion] BFMC can significantly reduce bone cement leakage rate during PKP in treatment of OVCF with a reduction of contralateral cement injection volume and increasing of cement leakage rate.