Total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are among the most effective treatments for bone and joint diseases. Studies have proven that THA and TKA help patients correct deformities, reduce pain, and improve their quality of life. However, venous thrombus embolism (VTE) is a serious complication of the major joint replacements (MJR) . Pharmacological prophylaxis is essential to reduce thrombosis, of which aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid, ASA) not only has the advantages of low price, convenient administration, no need to blood monitoring, good tolerance and high safety, but also has the advantages of reducing the risk of periprosthetic infection, hetero- topic ossification and death. However, scholars are still uncertain whether ASA can replace other anticoagulants for thromboprophylaxis af- ter TJA. This paper reviews the application ASA in THA/TKA, and provides a reference for the selection of antithrombotic drugs after MJR.