[Objective] To compare the clinical effect and radiological outcomes between the reduction of “stretching sinew and distracting bone” and only stretching the external reduction device by using percutaneous pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of the single-segment thoracolumbar fractures.[Methods] A retrospective analysis of 47 cases of the single-segment thoracolumbar fractures without neurological symptom from January 2019 to June 2021 was performed.According to the consequences of preoperative doctor-patient communication, 23 cases received only stretching the external reduction device by using percutaneous pedicle screw fixation,24 cases utilized the reduction of “stretching sinew and distracting bone”.The perioperative,follow-up and radiographic documents were compared between the two groups.[Results] There were no significant differences in the intraoperative blood loss,walking time,and hospital between the group(),nevertheless the reduction group proved siginificantly inferior to the common group in terms of operation time[(58.8±7.4) min vs (74.0±4.6),P＜0.05],intraoperative fluoroscopy [(26.1±3.2) times vs (32.3±2.8) times, P<0.05].The early complication occurred in 2 cases of screw misplacement in the common group,which was used bone cement reinforcement.The followed-up period lasted for 12 to 24 months, with an average of (15.2±2.5) months. Compared with those before surgery,the visual analogue scale scores,and Oswestry disability index of two groups after treatment were significantly improved in the follow-up period(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the visual analogue scale scores of the follow-up period and the Oswestry disability index of 3 months after sugery between two groups(P＞0.05).The Oswestry disability index was better in the the reduction group than those of the common group at the latest follow-up(P＜0.05).In terms of imaging evaluation,the local kyphotic angle (LKA),the vertebral wedge angle of fracture vertebral(VWA), and the anterior height ration of fracture vertebral (AVH%) significantly improved in both groups at the follow-up period compared with thoses preoperative(P＜0.05). The LKA,VWA ,and AVH% were better in the the reduction group than those of the common group at postoperative,3 months after surgery and latest follow-up(P＜0.05).[Conclusion] The reduction of “stretching sinew and distracting bone” combined with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation for treating single-segment thoracolumbar fracture can better restore the injured vertebral body height,correct the wedge-shaped of vertebral body,avoid local kyphosis deformity,and yiled long-term clinical outcome.