[Objective] To explore the difference of clinical effect between the scaled and unscaled pushrod in the treatment of osteoporotic lumbar degenerative diseases by cement-augmented pedicle screw instrumentation. [Methods] The clinical data of 42 patients with osteoporotic lumbar degenerative diseases admitted to the Department of Spinal Surgery of the General Hospital of the Northern Theater Command of the Chinese People's Liberation Army from October 2021 to October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. According to different surgical methods, they were divided into two groups which 22 cases were randomly included in the scaled group and 20 cases in the unscaled group. The perioperative conditions, follow-up and imaging data of the two groups were compared between the two groups. [Results] The operation time, intraoperative fluoroscopy times and blood loss of the scaled group were shorter/less/lower than that of the unscaled group and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05)，there was no significant difference in the total length of incision, the healing grade of incision,walking time and hospital stay between the two groups (P>0.05)，the bone cement leakage rate of scaled group was lower than that of unscaled group and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05)；All patients were followed up for more than 12 months, and there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the time to return to full weight-bearing activities (P>0.05)，as time went on, VAS and ODI scores of the two groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05)，there was no statistically significant difference in VAS and ODI scores between the two groups during preoperative and postoperative follow-up (P>0.05). Imaging: compared with the preoperative results, lumbar lordosis angle in both groups was significantly improved at 3 months after surgery and at the last follow-up (P<0.05),at the corresponding time point, there was no statistical significance in the above indexes between the two groups (P>0.05), and there was no statistical significance in the Bridwell fusion grade between the two groups at the corresponding time point (P>0.05). At the last follow-up, all patients in both groups had no adverse imaging manifestations such as screw rod loosening and interbody fusion device displacement. [Conclusion] When the cement-augmented pedicle screw instrumentation is used in the interbody fusion for osteoporotic lumbar degenerative disease,the application of the scaled pushrod can achieve the purpose of shortening the operation time, reducing the number of intraoperative X-ray fluoroscopy, reducing the patient's blood loss and the rate of bone cement leakage.