Abstract：Low back pain caused by intervertebral disc degeneration seriously affects the health of elderly patients, but also brings a huge burden to society. Intervertebral disc degeneration begins after 18 years of age and accelerated by age, biomechanics, biochemistry, autoimmune inflammatory response and genetic predisposition. Intervertebral disc degeneration is a sequential and cascading pathological process, which starts with the alteration of microenvironment of nucleus pulposus cells and progresses to the alteration of intervertebral disc structure and function. Its main pathological characteristics are the release of inflammatory cytokines, the increase of catabolic enzyme expression, the degradation of extracellular matrix, and the apoptosis of intervertebral disc cells. Interleukin plays an important role in intervertebral disc degeneration. Hence, this article is objected to review the role of interleukin in intervertebral disc degeneration.