Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs), as a non-invasive physical method, can induce microcurrents to the whole body tissue or deliver them to local tissues by targeted transport without the need of implanted electrodes in the body. It can promote the growth and healing of muscle and bone through a variety of signal transduction pathways, anti-inflammatory effects, growth factors and other pathways. It can be used in the treatment of delayed fracture healing, muscle injury, angiogenesis and other diseases in the field of musculoskeletal medicine, so it has gradually become an important treatment method in the field of musculoskeletal medicine. This paper reviews the mechanisms of action and progress in application of pulsed electromagnetic fields on muscle and bone tissue.