[Objective] To observe the effect of Ginseng Sinitang on vascular endothelial cells and NF-κB signaling pathway in rabbits with fracture. [Methods] Seventy-two aged rabbits were randomly divided into 6 groups. The blank control group, model group and heparin group were given normal saline by gavage, while the Ginseng Sinitang low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups were given Chinese medicine by gavage for 3 consecutive days. Fracture models were established in []five groups except the blank control group. The Ginseng Sini decoction group and heparin group were subcutaneously injected with LMWH for 7 consecutive days. The serum levels of cortisol (COR), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 [](IL-6), endothelin (ET-1) and nitric oxide (NO) were detected. HE method was used to observe the pathological changes of femoral vein. The ultrastructure of vascular endothelial cells was observed by electron microscopy. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of NF-κB pathway related factors. [Results] Compared with the model group, the incidence of DVT in three dose groups of Ginseng Sinitang and heparin group were significantly decreased ,the levels of COR, TNF-α and IL-6 in middle and high groups of Ginseng Sinitang were significantly decreased at 1, 3 and 7 days after operation, the level of NO was significantly increased at 7 days after operation , and the level of ET1 was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with model group and heparin group, the mRNA and protein expressions of TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB P65 in Ginseng Sinitang groups were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). HE staining showed that in the model group, the thickness of venous wall was uneven, endothelial cells were shed to different degrees, thrombosis and leukocyte infiltration were seen in the lumen, and the above changes could be improved in the Ginseng Sinitang groups.Under electron microscope, mitochondria swelling and rough endoplasmic reticulum dilatation of endothelial cells in medium dose group were slight. [Conclusion] Ginseng Sinitang may improve the morphology and function of vascular endothelial cells in rabbits with fracture by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway , and thus reduce the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis of lower extremities.