Incision complications secondary to surgical treatment for calcaneal fractures have been a hot research topic in the field of traumatic orthopedics for foot and ankle. The complications mainly include incision skin necrosis, infection, dehiscence, hematoma forma- tion, plate exposure and so on, which pose a great threat to the postoperative rehabilitation of patients. However, the knowledge regarding to the postoperative incisional complications and its management mostly remain in the "fragmented" state without comprehensive understand- ing in junior clinicians and medical worker in the primary hospitals. This article gives a literature review of risk factors and prevention strat- egies for postoperative incisional complications of calcaneal fracture with the aim to provide a comprehensive overview.