Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) and Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) are among the most effective treatments for bone and joint diseases. Studies have proven that THA and TKA help patients correct deformities, reduce pain, and improve their quality of life. Venous Thrombus Embolism (VTE) is a serious complication of Total Joint Arthroplasty (TJA). Pharmacological prophylaxis is essential to reduce thrombosis. Aspirin (ASA) not only has the advantages of low price, convenient administration, no blood monitoring, good tolerance and high safety, but also has the advantages of reducing the risk of periprosthetic infection, heterotopic ossification, and death. However, scholars are still uncertain whether ASA can replace other anticoagulants for thromboprophylaxis after TJA. This paper reviews the application ASA in THA/TKA, and provides a reference for the selection of antithrombotic drugs after TJA.