Abstract:Objective To investigate the effect of lumbar spondylolisthesis treated by transforaminal lumbar decompression and fusion assisted by percutaneous endoscopy. Methods 64 patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis admitted to our hospital from July 2019 to June 2022 were selected and divided into two groups by random number table method, 32 cases in each group. The control group was treated with traditional open surgery, and the observation group was treated with transforaminal lumbar decompression and fusion (assisted by percutaneous endoscopy). 6 months after operation, operative indicators, slippage Angle and slippage rate, functional recovery and incidence of postoperative complications were recorded. Results The amount of intraoperative blood loss in the observation group was less than that in the control group, and the operation time and postoperative hospitalization time were shorter than that in the control group, with statistical differences (P < 0.05). 6 months after surgery, there was no significant difference in slippage Angle between the two groups (P > 0.05). 6 months after surgery, the slippage Angle and slippage rate in both groups were lower than those before surgery, but the slippage rate in observation group was higher than that in control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Six months after surgery, ODI score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, while JOA score was higher than that in the control group, with statistical differences (P < 0.05). The total incidence of complications in the observation group (3.13%) was lower than that in the control group (25.00%), and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion The treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis by transforaminal lumbar decompression and fusion assisted by percutaneous endoscopy is beneficial to relieve the dysfunction and has high safety.