This article reviews the relationship between central neurologic system injury, neuromuscular developmental defects and gait abnormalities in patients with cerebral palsy. The mechanism, type and time of cerebral palsy were discussed. From the microscopic and functional point of view, this article specifically analyzes and summarizes the involvement of muscle development defects (including muscle strength weakness, tendon shortness, spasticity and selective motor control impairment) in patients with spastic cerebral palsy.