Rice body is a relatively rare clinical disease, often appears in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, tuberculosis, infection and its clinical manifestations is joint swelling. Arthroscopic surgical debridement of affected joints is an effective treatment. This paper reports a case of rheumatoid arthritis with shoulder rice bodies. Conservative treatment did not achieve good results, and the symptoms were significantly relieved after arthroscopic shoulder synovial debridement and rice bodies debridement.