Abstract:[Objective]To investigate the clinical efficacy of three surgical methods,arthroscopic cyst resection,endoscopic drainage and traditional incision in the treatment of popliteal cyst.[Methods]From March 2015 to March 2019, 108 patients with popliteal cyst who met the inclusion criteria were retrospectively analyzed.Divided into three groups accordingto different surgical methods: 38 cases of endoscopic cyst resection"arthroscpoic resection(AR)group",35 cases of microscopic internal drainage"arthroscopic internal drainage(AID)group",incision 35 cases in the open resection(OR)group.The perioperative data and follow-up data were collected.[Results]All 108 patients successfully completed the operation without neurovascular complications.All patients were followed up for more than 12 months.AR and AID groups were better than OR group in terms of incision length,operative time,blood loss,time to go to the ground,incision healing and hospital stay(P<0.05).With the passage of postoperative follow-up time,the VAS scores of the three groups were significantly decreased,and the Lysholm scores were significantly increased,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The VAS score of AR group and AID group at last follow-up was significantly lower than that of OR group(P<0.05);the Lysholm score of AR group was better than that of AID and OR group(P<0.05).At the last follow-up,imaging showed that the recurrence rate of popliteal fossa cyst in AR group and AID group was better than that in OR group(P<0.05);there was no significant difference between the three groups in K-L classification at different time(P<0.05).[Conclusion]Microscopic cystectomy and internal drainage have the advantage of low recurrence rate,and the recovery of knee joint function is more satisfactory after microscopic cystectomy.