Objective To evaluate the effect of comprehensive perioperative intervention on postoperative cognitive function of elderly patients with hip fracture.Methods The included 216 elderly patients with hip fracture were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group with 108 cases.The experimental group was given systemic nutrition and pain relief， with severe anemia (hemoglobin <70g) were given 2-3u blood transfusion, and psychological counseling and functional training before surgery,2U blood transfusion during surgery, and postoperative oxygen inhalation, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and systemic nutrition treatment.The MMSE scores and the incidence of cognitive impairment on the first, third and fifth day after surgery were compared between the two groups.Results Early results showed that the MMSE score of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group, and the incidence of cognitive dysfunction was lower than that of the control group，The MMSE scores of the two groups on the first, third and fifth day after surgery were compared, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The incidence of cognitive dysfunction on the first, second and third day after surgery was compared between the two groups, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The follow-up period ranged from 6 months to 18 months, with an average of 11.60 months. At the last follow-up period, there were no patients with cognitive impairment in the experimental group, and 6 patients in the experimental group had cognitive impairment.Conclusions There are many causes of postoperative cognitive dysfunction, and comprehensive perioperative intervention can effectively reduce the incidence of this disease and accelerate the recovery of patients.