Abstract:Percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) has been increasingly used in painful Osteoporotic Compression Fracture (OVCF). Bone cement leakage is one of its common complications. In clinical practice, most patients with bone cement leakage have no symptoms, but a few patients with severe symptoms need reoperation to remove the leaked bone cement.Our center recorded a case of paravertebral leakage of bone cement in an OVCF patient who underwent PKP and presented symptoms of dull pain in the right lower abdomen. The paravertebral leakage of bone cement was removed by surgery. The case data and treatment effect were summarized and literature review was conducted.