Total hip arthroplasty（THA）has been successfully developed in the treatment of end-stage osteoarthritis of the hip. Cemented total hip arthroplasty was replaced by cementless total hip arthroplasty in the early 1980s due to its complications associated with periprosthetic osteolysis, implant loosening. Despite cementless total hip arthroplasty having achieved excellent clinical results, thigh pain after cementless total hip arthroplasty is still a serious postoperative complication. The postoperative satisfaction and quality of life of patients were seriously influenced by thigh pain. However, little information about the etiology of thigh pain after cementless total hip arthroplasty is available. Data from mid-term and long-term follow-up studies suggest that thigh pain is related to the properties of the femoral stem. This review aims to review recent studies, summarize the factors that femoral stem associated with thigh pain after cementless total hip arthroplasty, and analyze potential causes.