Abstract: [Objective] To compare the early efficacy of CR prosthesis and PS prosthesis in the treatment of moderate and severe osteoarthritis in total knee arthroplasty. [Methods] A total of 142 patients (142 knees), including 85 patients (85 knees) in the CR group and 57 patients (57 knees) in the PS group, who were treated for knee osteoarthritis in Shandong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2015 to December 2017, were retrospectively analyzed, and the efficacy of the two groups were compared. [Results] In PS group, the intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative movement distance, postoperative drainage and underground walking time were significantly higher than those in CR group, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). In comparison of follow-up data, 1 month after surgery, PATIENTS in the PS group had higher VAS score, lower knee flexion and extension, lower AKSS clinical score, AKSS functional score and HSS score, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in FTA and MPTA between the two groups at different time periods (P > 0.05). For PTS, there was a significant difference between the two groups at 6 and 36 months after surgery (P < 0.05). [Conclusion] Both PS and CR prostheses could significantly improve the symptoms of patients. The CR group retained the posterior cruciate ligament, and had less blood loss, less pain and better function in the early stage. The PS group limited the maximum postoperative displacement of the knee joint due to the design of the prosthesis structure, which reduced the wear of the prosthesis.