Inter-vertebral Disc Degeneration ( IVDD ) is a chronic, high incidence, expensive treatment and recurrent degenerative disease. Now, the etiology and pathogenesis of IVDD are still unclear, and there is no effective treatment. Recent evidence shows that in addition to abnormal and excessive mechanical load and inflammation, lipid metabolism disorder may be an important cause of IVDD. Recent studies have shown that in addition to the mechanical effect of body weight on intervertebral disc degeneration, proteins, adipokines and a variety of lipid mediators derived from lipid metabolism disorders, including fatty acids, oxidized low-density lipoproteins and leptin, are closely related to IVDD. The purpose of this review is to summarize the latest findings on the relationship between lipid metabolism disorders and related products and the pathogenesis of IVDD, with particular emphasis on the role of lipids and adipokines and to explore the specific mechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration caused by lipid metabolism disorders.