Osteoarthritis is a common chronic joint disease with which middle-aged and elderly people are often diagnosed,bringing the highest attack on postmenopausal women,and this suggests the disease is closely related to the changes of postmenopausal estrogen levels. Since estrogen and its receptors have many metabolic mechanisms, which often affect the cell proliferation and apoptosis of articular cartilage and subchondral bone through multiple channels, it has provided a cogent argument for the highest attack of osteoarthritis on postmenopausal women. Although there are currently studies produced in quantity on the correlation between estrogen and its receptor metabolism and osteoarthritis, there is no general discussion about it. Therefore, the paper mainly explained the relationship between estrogen and its receptors with osteoarthritis, and figured out metabolic mechanisms that regulate the articular soft cell ,such as estrogen and its receptors by influencing the classic Notch signal and insulin-like growth factor, interleukin 1 beta, matrix metalloproteinases and other soft cell metabolism ,looking forward to the future possible further research.