Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect and postoperative complications of pedicle screw placement with thoracolumbar pedicle boundary method. Methods: From January 2019 to October 2019, patients with single vertebral fracture without nerve damage admitted to our hospital were randomly divided into two groups:Group A (n=30), traditional screw placement method assisted by 3D printing guide plate (Magerl method); Group B (n=30 persons) , 3D printed guide plates were made according to thoracolumbar vertebral pedicle boundary method. During the operation, the screw placement path was determined with the assistance of 3D printing guide plate for screw placement. The changes of ODI, VAS and compression ratio of vertebral body anterior height were compared between the two groups 1 week and 1 year after surgery Results: All operations were completed successfully, and all patients were followed up for 12-20 (13.733±1.99) months. There was no significant difference in ODI and VAS between the two groups at 1 week and 1 year after operation, but the compression ratio of vertebral body anterior height of group B was better than that of group A . Conclusion: Modified screw placement method based on thoracolumbar pedicle boundary can improve the accuracy of screw placement.It effectively protects the cortical bone of the four walls of the pedicle, realizes individualized pedicle screw placement, and improves the screw support force more effectively.