Secondary injury caused by spinal cord injury (SCI), such as oxidative stress and apoptosis, can lead to further neurological damage. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) is a new type of small non-coding RNAs, which regulates mRNAs expression, protein production and cell function by silencing translation or interfering with target mRNAs. SCI changes miRNAs related to oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis and regulats the expression of its target gene. The purpose of this review is to state the latest research progress in the regulation and treatment of miRNAs in apoptosis and oxidative stress after spinal cord injury, and to guide the further study of miRNAs in spinal cord injury.