Abstract: Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of fenestrating decompression combined with antibiotic artificial bone implantation in the treatment of sclerosing osteomyelitis; Method: A retrospective analysis of 28 cases of sclerosing osteomyelitis admitted to our department from February 2016 to November 2020 Clinical data of the patients, including 19 males and 9 females, aged 5 to 55 years old, with an average of 26.9 years old. All patients underwent fenestration decompression antibiotic artificial bone implantation, which will affect the postoperative hospital stay and treatment effect of the patients. And VAS pain score, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and record comparison before and after treatment. Results: All 28 patients successfully completed the operation. The follow-up time was 4 to 60 months, with an average of 30 months. Among them, 22 patients were cured, 3 patients were excellent, 1 patient was effective and 2 cases were invalid. None of the patients had pathological fractures. Two patients relapsed later and was cured with antibiotic artificial bone implantation again. The VAS pain score, C-reactive protein, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were statistically significant before and after treatment. Conclusion: Fenestration decompression combined with antibiotic artificial bone implantation in the treatment of sclerosing osteomyelitis can effectively control infection and relieve pain in patients, and it is worthy of clinical promotion.