Abstract Objective To observe the analgesic effect and joint function of pericapsular nerve block after direct anterior total hip arthroplasty. Methods: From June 2019 to June 2020, 67 patients with unilateral DAA in our hospital were randomly divided into two groups, 34 cases (34 hips) in the pericapsular nerve block group (PENG group) and 33 cases (33 hips) in the quadratus lumborum block group (QLB group). The safety and effectiveness of puncture were observed in the two groups. VAS score, PCIA pressing times, maximum hip flexion and abduction range at 6h (T1), 12h (T2), 18h (T3) and 24h (T4) after operation were evaluated.Results ① There was no significant difference in gender, age, side, body mass index, ASA grade, preoperative diagnosis and operation time between the two groups (P > 0.05).② The nerve puncture time of PENG group was longer than that of QLB group (P < 0.001). But there was no significant difference in the first puncture success rate between the two groups (P > 0.05). The nerve block effect of obturator nerve and femoral nerve in PENG group was better than that in QLB group (P < 0.05).③ The VAS score of PENG group was significantly lower than that of QLB group at T1-T3 (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in VAS score and PCIA pressing times between the two groups at T4 (P > 0.05).④ At T2, the hip flexion angle of PENG group was significantly greater than that of QLB group (P < 0.001), but there was no significant difference between the two groups at T4 (P > 0.05). At T2-T4, there was no significant difference in the maximum abduction angle between the two groups (P > 0.05).Conclusions Peripheral nerve block of hip joint is superior to quadratus femoris block in analgesia and joint function rehabilitation after direct anterior total hip arthroplasty.