【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the outcomes of open reduction and internal fixation for the treatment of fresh and delayed humeral condyle fractures in children . Methods A retrospective analysis of 19 cases of fresh or delayed humeral medial condyle fractures in our hospital from May 2014 to July 2020. The patients were divided into the delayed group and fresh group with aged 3 to 13, with an average of 7.8 years old. There were 9 fractures in the delayed group and 10 in the fresh group; the two groups were followed up for an average of 31.5 months (6-79 months). The Student’ test was used to compare the difference in the carrying angle and the condylar shaft angle of the two groups, and Mayo scoring system assessed postoperative elbow joint function . Results In the fresh fracture group, five cases underwent open reduction and K-wires fixation, four cases underwent open reduction and K-wires combined with screw fixation, and one case underwent screw fixation. In the delayed fracture group, five cases underwent open reduction with K-wires fixation, three cases underwent open reduction with screw and K-wires fixation, and one case underwent open reduction with screw fixation. At the last follow-up, the fresh fracture group""s carrying angle (13.18±4.46)° 、condyle shaft angle (32.54±5.72)° and the delayed fracture group""s carrying angle (14.89±5.42)° 、condyle shaft angle (34.42±6.74)° had no significantly difference (P>0.05). Mayo score 98.5 in the fresh fracture group was significantly higher than 90.1 in the delayed fracture group, with a significantly difference (P<0.05) . Conclusion The clinical outcomes of open reduction and internal fixation of fresh humeral medial condyle fracture was better than the delayed fractures, and the incidence of sequelae was significantly decreased. Therefore, early detection and early treatment were the key to dealing with humeral medial condyle fracture.