Abstract Objective To investigate the influence of Percutaneous curved vertebroplasty on bone cement diffusion parameters and clinical efficacy.Methods From June 2019 to June 2020, 83 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCF) were selected, including 37 males and 46 females, with average age of 72.36±5.59 years . They were randomly divided into three groups, unilateral group (27 cases), bilateral group (28 cases) and curved group (28 cases). The operation time, bone cement injection volume, fluoroscopy times, hospitalization expenses, bone cement leakage and nerve injury of the three groups were observed. Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Oswestry index, Cobb angle and cement dispersion type were followed up before and after operation.Results ① The operation time, fluoroscopy times and hospitalization expenses in the bilateral group were significantly higher than those in the unilateral group and the curved group (P < 0.01), and the bone cement injection amount in the curved group was significantly higher than that in the unilateral group and the bilateral group (P < 0.05). The number of cement leakage cases was significantly less than that of unilateral group and bilateral group (P < 0.05). ② The average follow-up time was 9.67±2.16 months. The Oswestry index at 1 month after operation and the last follow-up showed that the bilateral group and the curved group were significantly better than the unilateral group (P < 0.05). ③The postoperative Cobb angle was significantly decreased, but there was no significant difference among the three groups in postoperative Cobb angle, incidence of adjacent vertebral refracture (P > 0.05). However, the bone cement diffusion type of the curved group and bilateral group was better than that of the unilateral group (P < 0.05).Conclusions Percutaneous curved vertebroplasty could increase the accuracy of bone cement , reduce the risk of bone cement leakage, and improve the long-term function.