Objective：To compare the clinical efficacy of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (mis-tlif) and posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) in the treatment of degenerative scoliosis. Methods：75 cases of degenerative scoliosis with radicular pain treated by single level operation were retrospectively analyzed. There were 32 cases in mis-tlif group and 43 cases in PLIF group. The perioperative indexes, Cobb angle, lumbar lordosis, postoperative complications and interbody fusion were compared between the two groups; VAS score and ODI scale were used to evaluate the improvement of pain and lumbar function. Result：The average follow-up period was 29.09 months. The perioperative related indexes, the incidence of postoperative complications (9.38% in mis-tlif group and 34.88% in PLIF group), VAS score, ODI score at discharge and ODI score at the last follow-up were better in mis-tlif group than in PLIF group (P < 0.05). The two groups’ Cobb angle and interbody fusion compared with each other were no statistically significant (P >0.05).Conclusion：For degenerative scoliosis patients with neurogenic symptoms, MIS-TLIF has less tissue damage and lower incidence of postoperative complications, which is more conducive to the recovery of lumbar function.