Abstract:Brucellosis patients often have complications of bone and joint damage, the most common of which is Brucella spondylitis (brucellosis spondylitis for short). When Brucella invades the spine, intervertebral disc inflammation and bone destruction of vertebral body often occur in the spine, and sometimes inflammatory necrotic tissues and/or abscesses in the spinal canal and paravertebral body may be produced, which further leads to the symptoms of spinal cord and nerve root compression and spinal instability, resulting in limb dysfunction or even paralysis, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Once Brucella infection occurs, Brucella is mainly swallowed by human macrophages and parasitized in host macrophages, causing macrophages to release related inflammatory factors in polarization. Such -α (tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α-α), interleukin family (IL) and chemokine family (CC chemokines). The research shows that these inflammatory factors play an important role in inflammation and bone destruction of brucellosis spondylitis. At the same time, the transformation of macrophages with different polarization types can regulate the occurrence and development direction of inflammation and bone destruction. This article will review the possible mechanism of macrophage polarization-related inflammatory factors in the pathogenesis of brucellosis spondylitis.