Abstract: [Objective]To compare the efficacy of minimally invasive surgery- transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion（MIS-TLIF）under Quadrant channel and open posterior lumbar interbody fusion（PLIF）in the treatment of two-level lumbar spinal stenosis.[Methods]A total of 60 patients with two-level lumbar spinal stenosis admitted to our hospital from January 2016 to January 2019 were included in this study. Among them, 24 patients were included in the MIS-TLIF group and treated with minimally invasive surgery-TLIF under the Quadrant channel. 36 patients were included in the PLIF group and treated with open PLIF. The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, length of hospital stay, complications, interbody fusion grade, pain VAS score, quality of life SF-36 score and dysfunction ODI index were compared between the two groups.［Results］Compared with the PLIF group, the MIS-TLIF group had longer operation time, but less intraoperative blood loss and shorter hospital stay, and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).The degree of pain in both groups decreased after surgical treatment, but the VAS score of lumbar pain 6 months after surgery in the MIS-TLIF group was significantly lower than that in the PLIF group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After 1 year follow-up, there were no significant differences in VAS score, SF-36 score and ODI between the two groups(P<0.05). 12 months after surgery, regarding to radiographic measures，the intervertebral space height, the canal area and LL（L1~S1 Cobb）significantly increased postoperatively by comparison with those before operation, the spinal canal area in the MIS-TLIF group was larger than that in the PLIF group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). [Conclusion］In the clinical treatment of two-level lumbar spinal stenosis, compared with the traditional open PLIF, MIS-TLIF under quadrant channel can reduce the amount of blood loss, reduce stress more thoroughly, shorten the hospitalization time, and relieve the pain of patients during the recovery period.