Objective To evaluate the Clinical Observation of arthroscopy on Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. Methods This retrospective study was conducted on 31 patients（5 men and 23 women（3 bilateral procedures）, age 46 to 62 years old, mean age of 53.5years）with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome treated by arthroscopy in Department of Orthopaedics. In order to assess the status in postoperative follow-up, two parts of the Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire: symptom severity [BCTSQ-SS] and functional status [BCTSQ-FS] scales) and the electrophysiological changes（Lat、Amp、SCV） were used assessing the affected hand function and discomfort immediately pre-procedure, post-procedure. Results All of the 31 patients got postoperative follow-up, varying from 6 months to 12 months, All the incisions got a good healing condition, and no infection and necrosis has been found. Median pre-procedure scores were 43.5 for BCTSQ-SS, and34.6 for BCTSQ-FS. Median 2 week post-procedure scores were 40.3 for BCTSQ-SS, and 31.5 for BCTSQ-FS Median half a year post-procedure scores were 33.2 for BCTSQ-SS, and 21.5 for BCTSQ-FS, Median one year post-procedure scores were 15.6 for BCTSQ-SS, and 12.3 for BCTSQ-FS all decreased (p<0.01) from pre-procedure scores ，Median pre-procedure scores were 6.72 for Lat, 12.25 for Amp and 36.1 for SCV. Median post-procedure scores were 3.92 for Lat, 15.26 for Amp and 60.4 for SCV，all rised (p<0.01) from pre-procedure scores and surpassing reference standards for clinically important difference in scores. Conclusion Arthroscopic treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome has the advantages of small trauma, high patient acceptance and significant effect, and is an ideal surgical method