Objective To explore the clinical observation and nursing of scoliosis patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. Methods: From November 2019 to November 2020, patients undergoing scoliosis orthopedic surgery in our hospital were selected to participate in the study, and 30 of them were selected to receive clinical nursing (preoperative nursing, postoperative nursing) during the treatment, and the nursing effect was analyzed. Results All the 30 patients underwent scoliosis orthopedic surgery successfully, and no postoperative adverse reactions occurred. The treatment effect was better, the ADL quality of life score was higher, and the VAS pain score was lower. Conclusion Clinical nursing care for patients undergoing scoliosis surgery before and after surgery can comprehensively improve the clinical efficacy, improve the clinical symptoms of patients, reduce the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions, and promote the improvement of the disease, which is worth carrying out.