【Abstract】Objective: Effect of allogeneic bone on prevention of cement leakage in osteoporotic vertebral burst fracture treated by percutaneous vertebroplasty was observed.methods: A retrospective analysis of 52 cases of osteoporotic thoracolumbar burst fractures treated by PVP in our hospital from June 2017 to June 2019, The 27 cases were included in the allograft group with allogeneic bone pre-stuffing the damaged vertebral body, 33 patients without allograft tamponade were included in the conventional group. Age, sex, body mass index, bone density, fracture level, pain visual analogue scale (VAS) score, dysfunction index (ODI) and improved mobility, improved vertebral height, improved Cobb angle, volume of bone cement injection and leakage rate. Results: All 52 patients were followed up, Average 15 months. The two groups of cases were comparable before operation. The improvement of VAS score, ODI and activity ability were (4.7±1.0),(44.8±2.3)%,(1.5±0.6), The improvement of vertebral height and Cobb angle were (3.2±0.6)mm、(4.6±1.7)°、The volume of bone cement injection were（4.5±1.0）ml, The above indexes in the conventional group were (4.6±1.7)、(43.7±4.5)%、(1.4±0.9)、(3.3±0.7) mm、(4.8±1.8)°、（4.6±0.9）ml.There were 3 cases (11.1%) of cement leakage in allogeneic bone group and 12 cases (36.4%) in conventional group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2=5.446, P=0.023).Conclusion : PVP treatment of osteoporotic vertebral burst fracture can effectively and quickly relieve pain. The application of allogeneic bone can effectively reduce the leakage rate of bone cement and prevent bone cement leakage.