[Objective] To explore the effectiveness of microscope-assisted anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion (ACCF) for cervical ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). [Mehtods] From September 2013 to October 2018, 63 cases with cervical OPLL undergoing ACCF were reviewed retrospectively. 30 cases undergoing microscope-assisted ACCF were classified into the microscope group, and 33 cases undergoing traditional ACCF were classified into the traditional group. Perioperative, follow-up and radiographic documents were compared between two groups. [Results] All the patients underwent surgeries successfully. In the traditional group, three cases had leakage of cerebrospinal fluid，and one case had transient decreased neurological function postoperatively. There was no significant difference in operation or hospitalization time between two groups (P＞0.05). The microscope group had less blood loss and postoperative drainage volume (P＜0.05). At the last follow-up, all patients had improved JOA score, strength and pathological reflex, and had decreased NDI and VAS scores (P＜0.05). No significant differences were found between two groups pre-and postoperatively in these parameters (P＞0.05). All the patients had improved transverse area of vertebral canal, and cervical Cobb angle (P＜0.05), but no significant differences were found between two groups pre-and postoperatively (P＞0.05). [Conclusions] Compared with traditional operation, microscope-assisted ACCF could achieve similar clinical outcomes, but resulted in less intraoperative blood loss and postoperative drainage volume, which demonstrated high effectiveness and safety.