Abstract: [Objective] To analyze the safety and effectiveness of interlocking intramedullary nail combined with banding fixation in adult patients with nonunion of femoral shaft fracture and compare it with locking plate fixation.[Methods] From March 2016 to May 2019， 96 adult patients with nonunion of femoral shaft fracture treated in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed, including 50 patients in the banding group and 46 patients in the locking plate group. Observation indicators included perioperative conditions, follow-up indicators and imaging evaluation.[Results] The perioperative indexes of the banding group were significantly lower than those of the plate group (P<0.05).At the last follow-up, knee pain and function scores in the banding group were significantly better than those in the plate group (P < 0.05); the incidence of adverse reactions in the banding group was significantly lower than that in the plate group (P < 0.05).The radiographic healing status of the banding group was significantly better than that of the plate group (P < 0.05).[Conclusion] The application of interlocking intramedullary nail combined with bandage fixation in adult patients with nonunion of femoral shaft fracture has satisfactory effects in restoring knee function, alleviating pain symptoms and promoting fracture healing, and can effectively avoid the effect of surgical trauma on rehabilitation.