Objective:?To?explore?the?treatment?of?fresh?thoracolumbar?osteoporotic?compression?fracture?with?spinal?canal?stenosis,?and?analyze?the?advantages?of?PVP?and?PKP.?Methods:?102?cases?of?fresh?thoracolumbar?osteoporotic?compression?fractures?with?spinal?canal?stenosis?were?randomly?selected?in?our?hospital,?and?they?were?divided?into?PVP?group?and?PKP?group.?The?observation?indexes?included?perioperative?condition,?follow-up?and?total?effective?rate?of?treatment,?including?hospitalization?time?and?cost,?operation?time,?bone?cement?injection?volume,?fluoroscopy?time,?etc.;?the?follow-up?data?included?pain,?activity?ability?and?vertebral?body?dysfunction;?the?treatment?situation?included?the?total?effective?rate?of?treatment?and?the?recovery?of?vertebral?height.?Results:?The?comparison?data?of?two?methods?had?no?statistical?significance?(P?>?0.05),?including:?total?effective?rate,?hospitalization?time,?pain?evaluation,?activity?ability?and?vertebral?body?dysfunction?evaluation;?the?hospitalization?expenses,?operation?and?fluoroscopy?time?of?PVP?group?were?less?than?those?of?PKP?group,?and?PKP?operation?was?better?in?vertebral?height?recovery.?The?differences?between?the?two?groups?were?statistically?significant?Statistical?significance?(P?