【Abstract】Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of total spine en bloc resection in the treatment of primary spinal tumors. Methods: According to different surgical methods, 57 patients with primary spinal tumors were divided into a control group (with one-stage posterior total spine segmentectomy, 27 cases) and a study group (one-stage posterior whole spine engraftment) Resection for treatment, 30 cases). The general indicators of the perioperative period, postoperative efficacy, postoperative adverse events and Frankel classification were compared between the two groups. Results: (1) The operation time of the control group was significantly less than that of the study group, but the blood loss and blood transfusion rate in the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05); (2) The efficacy score of the study group was significantly better than that of the control group (P<0.05); (3) The local recurrence rate, internal fixation loosening rate and patient mortality in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05); (4) The Frankel grading between the two groups was significantly different after operation (P< 0.05), the control group is mostly C and D grade, and the study group is mostly D and E grade. The study group is significantly better than the control group. Conclusion: Entire spine resection for the treatment of primary tumors of the thoracic and lumbar spine is safer and more effective than segmental resection.