膝关节脱位的早期评估与处理
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遵义医科大学附属医院

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四川大学华西医院“135”工程项目(编号:ZY2017301)


The early assessment and treatment of knee dislocation
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The Affliliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University

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    摘要:

    目的 探讨膝关节脱位多发韧带损伤患者早期评估及处理的近期疗效。方法 回顾性分析2015年3月至2017年12月对24例膝关节脱位多发韧带损伤患者进行早期评估并制定治疗方案。膝关节脱位未复位者麻醉下手法复位,无法复位者急诊行关节切开复位固定及韧带的修复和或重建;合并的血管神经损伤行血管、神经的探查或修复;韧带损伤一期行韧带修复和或重建。结果 术前所有患者完善膝关节平片、磁共振及下肢静脉彩超检查,必要时完善下肢CTA检查,评估膝关节韧带、血管损伤情况,术前膝关节胫骨后移距离为(12.67±1.95)mm、屈膝30°外旋拨号试验(Dial-test)为(11.25±3.40)°,膝关节Lysholm评分为(35.50±5.66)分,国际膝关节文献委员会(the?international?knee?documentation?committee,IKDC) 评分术前24例均为D级。所有患者获得12—19月随访,所有手术切口均一期愈合,无血管、神经损伤等相关并发症。术后末次随访膝关节平片示关节对位良好,胫骨后移距离为(2.92±1.35)mm、屈膝30°外旋拨号试验(Dial-test)为(1.58±2.24)°,膝关节Lysholm评分为(83.08±3.90)分,IKDC)评分为A级9例、B级15例。胫骨后移距离、Dial-test和膝关节Lysholm评分与术前比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 膝关节脱位多发韧带损伤患者重视早期评估并制定相应治疗方案,其近期疗效满意。

    Abstract:

    Objective Discuss short-term efficacy of early assessment and treatment of Knee Dislocation with Multiple Ligament Injuries. Methods From March 2015 to December 2017,Early assessment and treatment for 24 knee dislocations with multiple ligament injuries after hospitalization. Patients with knee dislocation were restored,and emergency open reduction and fixation, if the knee dislocation was unable to manual their evaluation. The merger ligament injuries were repaired or reconstructed in one-stage. Patients with vascular and nerve injury were explored or reconstructed and combined ligament injury were repaired and/or reconstructed for one-stage. Results All patients completed the knee X-ray, MRI and intravenous color ultrasound examination, and completed the CTA examination if necessary, to assess the knee ligament and blood vessel damage before operation. The tibial displacement on stress was (12.67±1.95) mm, and The external rotation angle of tibia at 30° knee flexion (Dial-test) was (11.25±3.40)°, the Lysholm score of the knee joint was (35.50±5.66), and the International Knee Documentation Committee (the?international?knee?documentation?committee, IKDC) scored 24 cases before surgery all were D grade.All patients were fellowed range from 12 to 19 months. Surgical incisions are uniformly healed without complications such as blood vessel and nerve damage. The postoperative knee X-ray at the last follow-up showed that the joint alignment was well. The tibial displacement on stress was (2.92±1.35) mm, the external rotation angle of tibia at 30° knee was (1.58±2.24)°, the Lysholm score was (35.50±5.66), and the subjective score of the IKDC scored 9 cases in grade A and 15 cases in grade B.The difference in tibia posterior shift distance, knee flexion 30° Dial-test, Lysholm score and preoperative comparison were statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion It’s important that the early assessment and treatment option was formulated for knee dislocation with multiple ligament injuries, which can obtain good short-term effectiveness.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-08-26
  • 最后修改日期:2020-12-13
  • 录用日期:2021-01-26
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