To investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment of lumbar intervertebral disc reoperation after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy. [Methods] The clinical data of 2781 patients who underwent percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy from January 2014 to December 2019 were reviewed. The causes of reoperation, the time of reoperation, the segment of primary operation and the method of operation were analyzed in 35 cases of reoperation.VAS scores were used to evaluate preoperative, postoperative, and final follow-up, and the overall efficacy was analyzed using MacNab standard.[Results] A total of 35 cases requiring reoperation were included , including 29 males and 6 females; There were 18 cases of L4/5 segment, 15 cases of L5/s1 segment and 2 cases of L4-S1 segment; the reoperation methods were percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy in 17 cases, intervertebral disc endoscopy in 3 cases, and fusion surgery in 15 cases. The interval between reoperations was 9 days to 36 months, with an average of 9.9 months. The causes of reoperation were: ipsilateral herniation of the same segment in 26 cases, contralateral herniation of the same segment in 1 case, adjacent upper segment herniation in 1 case, lumbar spinal stenosis or lumbar instability in 5 cases, intervertebral disc cyst formation in 1 case, hematoma in 1 case.[Conclusion] Reherniation of intervertebral disc is the main factor of reoperation after percutaneous endoscopic discectomy; hematoma formation, secondary disc cyst, secondary lumbar stenosis or lumbar instability are secondary factors. Appropriate surgical method are the key to achieve satisfactory results.