Osteoporosis is a common disease in the elderly, and how to accurately diagnose and timely prevent it is crucial. In recent years, increasingly scholars have focused on the quantitative study of osteoporosis by various imaging techniques, including energy spectrum CT ,quantitative CT, MRS, MRI water-lipid separation technology (Dixon), iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares (IDEAL).This article reviews the recent quantitative research progress of CT and MRI techniques for osteoporosis.