Smoking is a well-known risk factor for osteoporosis and fracture. Patients smoking before orthopedic surgery face a higher risk of postoperative complications. Studies have shown that quitting smoking for a short time before surgery can reduce respiratory and wound complications. However, orthopedists rarely postpone surgery or take smoking cessation intervention. Until now, there are few studies on perioperative smoking cessation intervention in orthopedic surgery. The impact of short-term perioperative smoking cessation on orthopedic surgery still unclear, and the ideal time for smoking cessation is not defined. This article reviews the relevant literature across the globe in recent years to provide reference for clinical work.