intervertebral disc degeneration is the key etiology and pathological basis of degenerative spinal diseases，and it is of great significance to research the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration for the prevention and cure of degenerative spinal diseases. In recent years，more and more studies have found that neuropeptide Y （NPY） plays an important role in the pathological mechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration. This article reviews the research progress of NPY involved in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration，in order to provide new ideas and methods for the prevention and cure of degenerative spinal diseases.