Calcaneal fracture is one of the common fractures in life, which may result in long-term joint pain and walking disability, leading to serious effects on patients'' life. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) via an L-shaped, extensile lateral approach, the classic type of surgery, maximizes reduction of the subtalar articular surface and restoration of calcaneal shape, achieving superior long-term outcome. However, this treatment often accompanies serious wound complications. Balloon reduction and bone cement fixation is an minimally invasive technique and be employed to treat calcaneal fracture in recent years. It''s benefit include enormous risk reduction of soft tissue complications and effective fixation, reducing the influence of calcaneal fracture. This paper reviews the application of balloon reduction and cement fixation in the treatment of calcaneal fractures.