Objective To investigate the clinical effect of latarjet surgical method in treating recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder joint with shoulder glenoid defect. Methods A retrospective analysis of 35 patients with recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation associated with shoulder glenoid defect treated with Latarjet surgery from January 2010 to August 2016.Compare and record the changes of shoulder joint active activity, ASES score, UCLA score, Constant-Murley score, Rowe score, VAS score before and after treatment.The shoulder joint X-ray and three-dimensional reconstruction CT were taken on the second day after operation and at the last follow-up to determine the position of the translocated bone block, the healing state, and whether there was joint degenerative disease. Results Among the 35 patients, 32 patients had completed follow-up for more than 3 years, with an average follow-up time of (41 ± 5.79) months. The last follow-up showed that all patients had no dislocation of shoulder joint after operation. Shoulder pain and function of all patients were significantly improved. The indicators were compared with the results of the last follow-up before and after the operation, and the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Latarjet surgery is effective in treating recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder joint with shoulder glenoid defect, short operation time, reliable fixation of bone mass, and low incidence of neurovascular injury. It can significantly improve shoulder function and obtain good clinical results.