Abstract: [Objective] To discuss the effect of composite biomaterials reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the rabbit.[Method] Divided rabbits(36) into 2 groups randomly.In experimental group, reconstructed ACL using composite biomaterials,only used silk ligament to reconstruct ACL in control group.Opened the knee joint respectively at postoperative 4w，8w and 12w, planted observation of morphological period, HE dyeing and conversion between bone and biomaterials.[Result] After crosslinking, silk ligament’s surface becomed rough like the honeycomb,increasing the surface area.At postoperative 4w，8w and 12w，the proliferation activity of fibroblasts and chondrocytes was higher than the control group.The biomaterials form was similar to normal ACL at 12w, which had blood vessels growing,and HE dyeing pathological showed a large number of fibroblasts.Control group were gradually covered by collagen membrane.Postoperative, the two groups was statistically significant in the number of fibroblasts hyperplasia (P < 0.05). [Conclusion] BMSCs in the microenvironment of knee joint can promote fibroblast, promote the growth of cartilage, strengthen the healing between ligaments and bone,promoted the regeneration of fibers and blood vessels, and promoted the ligament repair.