[Objective] Retrospectively compare the mid-term clinical efficacy of short-segment and long-segment fusion and fixation for lumbar spinal stenosis with degenerative lumbar scoliosis. [Methods] 103 patients with lumbar spinal stenosis combined with degenerative lumbar scoliosis who were treated in our hospital from January 2015 to June 2016 were selected and divided into short segment groups (62 Example) and long segment group (41 cases). The perioperative indexes, efficacy indexes and imaging indexes of the two groups were compared. [Results] (1) The intraoperative blood loss, operation time, and postoperative hospital stay in the short segment group were significantly less than those in the long segment group (P <0.05); (2) before surgery, 6 months after surgery, and last time The Japanese Orthopaedic Association JOA score (Japanese Orthopaedic Association Scores), visual analogue scale (VAS), and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were not significantly different between the two groups. 0.05). From 6 months to the last follow-up in each group, the JOA score, VAS score, and ODI score of the two groups were improved (P <0.05); (3) the incidence of postoperative nail fracture and the total complications of the short segment group at the last follow-up Incidence rates were significantly lower than those in the long segment group (P <0.05). (4) Compared with preoperative, Cobb's angle, lumbar coronal and sagittal balance were significantly improved in both groups (P <0.05). [Conclusion] Short-segment fusion fixation has a good mid-term effect in the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis with degenerative lumbar scoliosis, can significantly correct scoliosis deformities and relieve symptoms, and has fewer postoperative complications. According to the clinical situation of patients, the fusion and fixed segment should be selected reasonably.