Total knee arthroplasty is currently the most effective method for the treatment of advanced knee osteoarthritis. Common femoral prosthesis designs include multiple-radius and single- radius. The design of single-radius prosthesis is theoretically superior to multiple-radius prosthesis, but there are still many debates on the two prostheses in actual clinical efficacy. This article compares the biomechanics, clinical function scores, kinematics, satisfaction, and survival rates of the two knee prosthesis. The research status and future research directions of multiple-radius prosthesis and single-radius prosthesis are summarized.