Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PKP) is a safe and effective minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF).For example, cement leakage in the spinal canal causes compression of spinal cord nerves [1-4];Vascular embolism (including pulmonary embolism, renal embolism, etc.) [5-8];Infection [9];Adjacent vertebral fractures [10] et al.Spinal epidural hematoma (SEH) caused by PKP is rarely reported. This report introduces a case of SEH formed after PKP, and analyzes and summarizes the reasons.